This article builds the mechanism models of the spatial effect of human capital agglomeration on economic growth in view of education capital and health capital based on the analysis framework of Solow Growth Model. We examine the spatial effect of education capital and health capital accumulation on economic growth through Chinese provincial level panel data and the dynamic change of railway time distance between provinces. The results reveal that the dominant effects of education capital and health capital accumulation in space are the “diffusion effect” and the “siphon effect” respectively, and the two types of human capital demonstrate spatial heterogeneity. Moreover, with the increase of time distance between two provinces, the two types of human capital show nonlinear spatial patterns of inverted U and positive U respectively. Compared to the non-high-speed railway era, the spatial effect of human capital agglomeration in high-speed railway era is more significant. While the eastern area can't absorb the education capital diffusion effect of other areas, the central and western areas can benefit from the diffusion effect of education capital from other areas. The tilt and dispersion of health capital investment can be an effective tool to adjust the economic balanced growth of eastern, central, and western areas. Therefore, the study argues that human capital investment should systematically consider the coordination of time and space, moderately concentrated education investment is the best strategy, and health capital should adopt a spatial balance investment strategy.

The effect of population size advantage on economic growth has gradually weakened in China, while human capital dividend starts to be a new engine for China's economic growth. This paper discusses human capital dividend and its spatial effects on China's economic growth. The results show that human capital contributes more to regional economic growth than population size. One city's health human capital has a significant “competitive effect” on its neighbors' economic growth, while educational human capital shows a “spillover effect”. Both types of human capital show spatial heterogeneity. Moreover, with a longer distance between two cities, the competitive effect and the spillover effect is stronger for the health and educational human capital, respectively. However, their marginal effects diminish, supporting the hypothesis of “distance attenuation”. This paper proposes that, by improving national educational capital and health capital, we can achieve a shift in economic growth from a reliance on the population size to human capital dividend. We should implement different spatial investment strategies for educational capital and health capital.

The Dulong nationality is one of the smallest ethnic minorities in China, which is the first Zhiguo (directly-entering socialism) ethnic group that achieved an overall poverty alleviation in 2018; thus how to steadily shake off poverty of the Zhiguo ethnic groups has become a major policy concern. By calculating and decomposing the stable poverty alleviation index, this paper explores the implications of stable poverty alleviation and establishes its theoretical framework and evaluation system. The results suggest that the stable poverty alleviation performance of the Zhiguo ethnic groups has reached a presentable level, and the capital and ability of the out-of-poverty population are increasing over time. Structurally speaking, economic, human and social capital are weighed highly while natural capital being relatively weak for the stable poverty alleviation performance, which informs priorities of policies for stabilizing poverty alleviation of the Zhiguo ethnic groups in the future.

The 13th Five-Year Plan period is crucial for China, in which cmacro population problem is the core element. Population aging and low fertility leading to reduction in labor supply would have a fundamental influence on the long term balanced development of China's population，implying that China's population policy must be adjusted．This paper argues that birth policy adjustment accords with the original intention of the population policy design and development direction．A universal two－child policy is a logical result of the adjustment of China's current fertility policy，which is believed to bring about positive effects on the future demographic and economic development，particularly in sustaining long term balanced development of China's population，eliminating marriage squeeze，lengthening demographic dividend and delaying aging process．China needs to develop and improve support and governance system for fully implementing the universal two －child policy．

The urban living status of rural migrant workers reflects their behavior preference determined by their own, family and environmental endowment. Restricted by different endowments, the ways of living are diversified often coupled with non-stability status. Using large scale survey data, the article performs empirical analysis on urban migrant workers’ living status by the Ordered - Logit regression model. Results show that the rural workers’ living preferences are influenced by their occupation and income capability, the shelter - farmland constraint and the degree of urban social integration. Skilled employment and high income levels can significantly reduce the probability of amphibious flow of rural workers, and thus enhance the stability of their urban living. Migrating with families and having long-term transferred arable land can also significantly facilitate the stability of urban living. Effective measures need to be taken to enhance the ability of rural workers to settle in the cities, promoting rural workers’ citizenship by changing the " " type of rural-urban migration to the " " type of urban settlement.

This paper constructs fuzzy multi-objective decision models for destination selection of rural labor migration under unbiased and biased information,which are examined using survey data from Hebei Province.Theoretical models suggests that,when faced with multiple choices of destination,whether under unbiased or biased information,the most satisfactory choice is outside the county but within the city due to a web of influences of income level,family environment and individual capability.However,survey data show that nearly 40 percent of rural migrants choose their destinations within the county.The differences between theoretical models and empirical results suggest that most of the investigated rural labor migrants did not achieve optimal migration,and their migration behavior exhibited limited rationality.

Using data from a survey conducted in 2009 covering four selected areas in China this paper examines patterns and influencing factors for rural migrant workers’ choice in employment destinations.There are individual,family and community characteristics that are significantly associated with employment destinations: age,skills,mechanization of family agricultural production and non-agricultural income ratio of the migrants and development level of their place of origin have significant negative impact on selecting outside province employment.Economic factors have a dominant role in selecting employment destinations.Migration network,transportation facilitation and the household registration system are also among the important factors affecting employment destinations.Policy implications are also discussed in the paper.

Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area lies largely in mountainous areas of Sichuan Basin,which is special in geographical location,complex in geological structure,harsh in climatic conditions,fragile in ecosystems and poor for living.Wenchuan Earthquake has not only brought about huge casualties and major economic losses,but also seriously undermined the conditions for the use of resources and the ecological environment,deteriorating the foundation of people’s living basis.In accordance with the people-centered concept and the requirements of sustainable development,this paper argues that it should,in the process of reconstruction,make scientific planning and comprehensive strategies,work out appropriate policies for population migration,balance efficiently local population density and promote the optimal allocation between the population and the resources and the environment.